10-1 BIM technologies
Almost
any construction begins with a drawing, except summer houses, which retirees
are building for years, without hurry and clear plan. A complete set of drawing
documentation implies that the specifications are attached to the drawings,
specifying the requirements for the materials defined by the project so that
the contractor can accurately implement ideas created by the architect
and
approved by the client. And if, until recently,
plans and specifications existed separately, on different sheets,
so that sometimes it was a real challenge to find corresponding specification
sheet, but nowadays technological progress, which determines our modern life
and has already replaced the main designer’s tool from a drawing board to a
computer and created CAD programs, gives to the architect an even more powerful
design tool - creating a virtual BIM model (
Building Information Model). And the most important thing in this
technology is not the creation of a 3D image, which ArchiCAD allowed to create
earlier, but the word “informational”, that the building model now
contains not only plans, but also
specifications attached to every element.
Moreover,
programmers advanced further and now models already contain the cost of materials
and work, thus turning estimation into a semi-automatic operation. BIM
technology has greatly simplified the work of Construction Manager - now all
tasks related to any building element are entered directly into the model at
the preliminary stage, and are tied to certain areas, what lighten the work of project
administering, in particular, it takes a few seconds to generate reports and
any necessary documents which need to click on a few buttons. Expressing the
above functions more precisely the BIM model is:
Digital
representation of the physical and functional characteristics of the building,
expressed as a 3D model, with the integration of all drawing and construction
data: cost, schedule, materials, assembly instructions, operating data, energy
consumption and so on...
In my
opinion, another important advantage of BIM technology is its complexity
compared to 2D programs, because together with coming of Computer Added
drawing, architects got the opportunity to be superficial at work and to create numerous mistakes, because the correction takes just few
seconds. Sometimes, I have the feeling that they play computer game -
"I'm killed! Let's reload!". But in real life everything goes another
way - if killed it's forever and the worst thing is that it will be other
people, not architect. In pre-computer
era, the
architect contemplated
before to draw a line, because it takes incomparably more time to erase and
draw a new one, and eventually a large drawing paper was worth good money. BIM
imposes new requirements on the drawing: in 3D everything has to tally with and
to have natural appearance. Such work imposes a great responsibility, since all
errors come out either in the process of drawing, or in the process of planning
the work by the manager, but in every occasion before construction, what in
turn makes construction process more predictable.
Therefore,
concerning Design company the transition to BIM modeling is, on the one hand,
complex due to the outflow of architects-gamers who are unable to maintain an
attentive and high-quality attitude to the product of their work, and hence the
difficulty of staffing. On the other hand, normal performers will appear sooner
or later, the demand for them will raise prices for their work and architects
will finally start earning more than floor cleaners in Russia, and when the
drawing documentation is ready and handed over for construction, the accuracy
of its execution will reduce the amount of RFI (request of information) or free
interpretation of incomprehensible units and their free accomplishment, which
is not so rare in Russia. This will, first of all, reduce the time for rework,
exchange information, improve the quality of performance and undoubtedly give
tangible benefits to all stakeholders.
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